Machine for duplicating keys.



No. 866, 18. PATENTED SEPT. 17, 1907.

- A. F. BARDWELL.

MACHINE FOR DUPLIGATING KEYS. API LmATIoiI FILED 0012.23. 1906.

3 SHEETSSHEET 1.

WITNESSES No. 866,418. PATENTED SEPT. 17, 1907. A. F. BARDWELL.

MACHINE FOR DUPLIGATING KEYS. APPLICATION FILED 001223. 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR my (77 4 fw I No. 866,418. PATBNTED SEPT. 17, 1907.

A. F. BARDWELL. MACHINE FOR DUPLIGATING KEYS.

APPLICATION FILED 00123, 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

NESSES- I W UNITED STATES PATENT orrron;

"ARTHUR F. BARDWELL, OF STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE YALE & TOWNE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT.

MACHINE FOR DUPLICATING KEYS.

To allwhom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR F. BARDWELL, of Stamford, in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Duplicating Keys; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact departs and in the details of construction as will be more fully described and pointed out in the claims.

In'the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view in front elevation of my improved machine showing the hinged head elevated, anda key and key blank secured in their proper positions. Fig. 2 is a similar view show ing the head lowered into operative position. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing the crank shaft and its bearings in section. Fig. 4 is a view in end elevation of Fig. 2, Fig. 5 is a view in longitudinal section showing the connection between the crank and the shaft carrying the guiding disk and Fig. 6 is-a view in transverse section through the shaft showing the parallel pins which are engaged bythe pin carried by the crank 11.

i 1 represents a-base provided at the opposite ends of its rear side with the integral bearings 2 in which the shaft 3 is mounted to slide and rock.

Secured to the shaft 3 intermediate the ends of the latter and also intermediate the bearings 2 is the head or frame 4 carrying the disk-shaped file or cutter. The width of the. head 4 is considerably less than the distance between bearings 2, and the shaft is made to project beyond both bearings 2, thereby providing for a rocking movement of the head 4 and the shaft to which the head is secured, and also a sliding movement of the head and its connected shaft 3 in the bearings 2.

The head 4 is provided with a handle 5, by which it is lifted and lowered and to which pressure may be applied, if the weight of the head and its attached parts, be insufiicient, during the operation of duplicating the bittings in a key, to overcome the pressure of the spring which holds the file or cutter down to its work. This head 4 is provided adjacent to its free end with four integral guides or bearings 6 and 7 the parallel guides 6 supporting the bearing carrying the file or cutter end of shaft 8, while the parallel guides 7 support the bearing carrying the crank end of the shaft.

The guides 6 are connected at their free ends and the guide way between them closed by. the plate 9, while the guides 7 are similarly connected by the plate 10, both plates 9 and 10 being secured to the guides by screws 11.

lMounted to slide between the guides 6, is the bearing Specification of Letters I a.tent. Application filed October 23, 1906. Serial No. 340.187-

Patented Sept. 17, 1907.

box 12 provided with end flanges 13 which embrace the sides of the guides and prevent displacement of the box. This box is normally depressed by a coiled spring 14 the lower end of which rests on the box, its upper end being seated in a recess 15 formed in the head 4.

I6 is a bearing box pivotally mounted on oppositely located screws 17 carried by the guides 7,'thus permitting the box 16 to rockfas the box 12 moves vertically in its guideway. These two boxes 12- and 16 support the ,file or cutter shaft 8, the latter being held against endwise movement therein by the collars l8 and 18 secured to the shaft on opposite sides of the box 16, and having end-bearing against the latter, the faces of the collars abutting the box, being rounded or curved as shown to permit of the necessary oscillation of the shaft.

The end of shaft 8, adjacent to the pivotal bearing box 16 is provided with a central bore 19, and secured to the shaft and passing centrally through the bore 19 and in line with the axis of the pivot pins 17, are the parallel pins 20 which latter are engaged by the flattened end bf pin 21, secured to the crank 23. This crank is journaled in the cylindrical sleeve 24 secured to the head or frame 4 and held therein by the set screw 25, the inner 'end of which rests within a cylindricalgroove formed in the hub of the crank.

From the construction thus far described, it, is evident that a rotation of the crank will impart a rotary motion to the shaft 8, the latter owing to its flexible connection with the crank being free to move up and down independently of.the crank. Again by journaling the crank independently of the shaft and connecting the two by a flexible or loose connection, the pressures applied to the crank are not transmittedto the shaft, consequently the pressure of the file or cutter against the key blank, is not affected in the slightest, by the vertical and lateral pressures imparted to the crank while the latter is being rotated.

Secured to the free, projecting end of the shaft 8 is the diskshaped file or cutter 26 having a V-shaped cutting edge or periphery. This file or cutter may be secured to the shaftin any approved manner, and secured to the-shaft between bearing box 12 and the file, is the ratchet wheel 27, engaged by the spring pawl 27 which operates as a brake to prevent too free or loose movement of the file or cutter, and also to prevent rotation thereof except in one direction. d p Secured to the base 1 are the two visesfij 'S and 28,

each consisting of a fixed jaw and a movable jaw, the

latter having a flange at its top edge adapted to the side of the key, and the former having a recess to receive the key. The movable jaws are secured to the fixed jaws by set screws 29, springs 30 being introduced between the jaws and tending to force them apart. 7 The vise 2 8 is so.l ocated as to bring a key blank 31 clamped therein, immediately under the center of the file or cutter 26, while the vise 28 is so located as to bring the key 32 clamped therein under the gage pin or follower 33 secured to the outer or lower face of plate 10. The lower end of this gage pin or follower conforms in shape to the cutting edge of the file or cutter 26, and the parts are so constructed and arranged that when the file or cutter is in its lowest position, its lowest point is in the same horizontal plane as the lower edge of the gage pin or follower.

.Tournaled to the base 1 in rear of the vises is' a shaft 35 carrying guiding arms 34. These arms are designed to be thrown up over the vises and form abutments for engaging shoulders on the necks of the key and key blank and thus hold them in proper positions relative to the gage pin or follower and the file or cutter until they have been clamped in the vises, after which the arms 34 should be thrown back out of the way.

In the operation of the machine the pin tumbler key to be duplicated is clamped in the vise under the gage pin or follower and the blank in the vise under the file or cutter. By now lowering the head to its working position, the gage pin or follower will seatitself in one bitting of the original key and by rotating the crank 23, a bitting ofthe same shape and size will be formed in the blank. The head 4 should be now shifted laterally to bring the gage pin or follower over the next hitting of the original key 32 and then lowered, thus bringing the file or cutter 26 into position to make a cut corresponding in location, shape and size to that in the original, and so on until all the bittings in the original key have been duplicated in the blank 31.

By bearing down on handle 5 during the rotary movement of the file or cutter, the gage pin or follower is held firmly in place against the original key, while the spring 14 bears with a yielding pressure against the bearing box 12 thus forcing the file or cutter downwardly until the bearing box 12 rests on the plate 9. When this point has been reached the bitting in the blank will be of the exact depth of the bitting in the original key in which the gage pin or follower rests.

It is evident that many slight changes might be resorted to in the relative arrangement of parts shown and described without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention hence I would have it understood that I do not wish to confine myself to the exact construction and arrangement of parts herein shown and described, but

Having fully described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters-Patent, is:-

1. In a key duplicating machine, the combination with means for supporting a key to be duplicated and means for supporting a blank, of a frame carrying a gage or follower for engaging the bittings in the original key, and a cutter yieldably relatively to the gage member, means for yieldthe cutter against the blank and means for revolving the cutter.

3. The combination with a movable frame and a gage member thereon, of a crank mounted in said frame a shaft mounted at one end in a sli dable bearing and connected at its opposite end by loose connection with the crank, a cutter at the end of the shaft adjacent to the slidable bearing and a spring' seated against said bearing and tending to force the latter toward the work.

4. The combination with a work holder, of a movable frame, a crank mounted in said frame, a shaft having at one end a loose connection with the crank, a spring pressed slidable bearing supporting said shaft near its opposite end and a cutter secured to the-shaft adjacent to the bearing, the spring tending to normally force the cutter toward the work holder. 1

5. The combination with a shaft mounted near one end in a pivoted bearing and near its other end in a vertically movable bearing, and a disk shaped cutter secured to said shaft at the end adjacent to the movable bearing, of a crank mounted to rotate in a fixed bearing and having a loose connection with the shaft adjacent to the pivoted bearing box.

(i. The combination with a base having two vises thereon, of a hinged head or frame carrying a gage pin or follower located ln a position to engage a key carried by one vise and a disk shaped cutter located in position to engage a blank carried by the other vise, of means for yieldingly forcing the cutter toward the blank, and means for rotating the cutter.

7. The combination with a base having two vises thereon, of a movable head or frame, a gage pin or follower carried by said head or frame, a crank mounted in said head or frame, a shaft loosely connected at one end to said crank and having a sliding or lateral movement at its opposite or free end, a cutter on the free end of the shaft and means for yieldingly forcing the cutter toward one vise. v

S. The combination with a base having two vises thereon, of a hinged head or frame, a pivoted bearing box and a sliding bearing box carried by said frame, a shaft journaled in said boxes, :1 disk shaped cutter secured to said shaft at its end adjacent to the sliding box, a rotating crank carried by said head or frame adjacent to the piv oted bearing box and ,a looseconnection between said crank and shaft.

9. The combination with a base having two vises thereon, of a hinged head or frame having a projecting handle, a bearing box pivoted in said frame, a bearing box slidingly mounted in said frame, a spring for depressing the sliding box, a shaft mounted to rotate in said bearing boxes, a. disk shaped cutter secured to the shaft at the end adjacent to the sliding bearing box, and means having a loose connec tion with the other end of said shaft for rotating the latter.

10. In a key duplicating machine, the combination with twosupports, one for a key and the other a key blank, of a frame movable relatively to said supports and carrying a fixed gage pin or follower, a cutter yieldable relatively to the gage pin and means for rotating same.

11. In a duplicating machine, the combination with two supports, one for a key and the other for a key blank, of a hinged frame carrying a fixed gage pin or follower adapted to engage the bittings of the key. a cutter adapted to engage the edge of the blank, the said cutter being yieldable relatively to the gage pin, and means for rotating the cutter.

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ARTHUR F. BARDWELL.

Witnesses:

CHARLES E. VAIL, J. A. Garnou. 

